8.16.ලෝකෝත්තර සම්මාදිට්ඨියත් ලෞකික සම්මාදිට්ඨියත් අතර වෙනස

Hallucinations are perceptions that occur in the absence of external stimuli. They can involve any of the senses—sight, sound, taste, smell, or touch—and are experienced vividly, as if they were real sensations. Hallucinations can occur in various contexts, including psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, mood disorders like bipolar disorder, neurological conditions such as Parkinson’s disease or epilepsy, substance abuse (particularly with drugs like LSD or methamphetamine), sleep disorders, or in situations of extreme stress or sensory deprivation.

Hallucinations can be categorized as follows:

1. Auditory hallucinations: Hearing sounds, voices, or noises that aren’t actually present. These are most commonly associated with psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia but can also occur in other conditions.
2. Visual hallucinations: Seeing objects, people, or shapes that don’t exist. These can range from simple patterns to complex scenes. Visual hallucinations can be associated with various conditions, including certain neurological disorders and substance abuse.
3. Tactile hallucinations: Feeling sensations on the skin, such as crawling insects or tingling, without any external cause. These are less common but can occur in conditions like drug withdrawal or certain neurological disorders.
4. Olfactory hallucinations: Perceiving smells that aren’t present. These can be associated with conditions like epilepsy or migraine aura.
5. Gustatory hallucinations: Experiencing tastes in the mouth that have no external source. These are relatively rare and can occur in some neurological conditions.

Hallucinations can be distressing and disruptive to daily life, and they often require medical attention, especially if they are persistent or interfere with functioning. Treatment for hallucinations depends on their underlying cause and may involve medications, therapy, lifestyle changes, or a combination of these approaches.